ސަރުކާރު ހިންގުމުގެ ނިޒާމަށް ބަލައިގެން ހެދިފައިވާ ޤައުމުތަކުގެ ލިސްޓު

ވިކިޕީޑިއާ އިންވިކިޕީޑިއާ
ފުންމަވާ: ސަމުގާ, ހޯއްދަވާ
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މިއީ ސަރުކާރު ހިންގުމުގެ ނިޒާމަށް ބަލައިގެން ތަޤްސީމު ކުރެވިފައިވާ ޤައުމުތަކުގެ ލިސްޓެކެވެ.

ޤައުމުތަކުގެ ލިސްޓު

ނަން ދުސްތޫރީ ބިންގާ ދައުލަތުގެ ވެރިޔާ އިދާރީ އޮނިގަނޑު
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Flag of Albania.svg Albania Republic Ceremonial Parliamentary
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Flag of Andorra.svg Andorra Constitutional monarchy Ceremonial Parliamentary
Flag of Angola.svg Angola Republic Executive Semi-Presidential
Flag of Antigua and Barbuda.svg Antigua and Barbuda Constitutional monarchy Ceremonial Parliamentary
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Flag of Azerbaijan.svg Azerbaijan ޖުމްހޫރިއްޔާ އިދާރީ ރިޔާސީ
ފަންވަތް:Country data Bahamas Constitutional monarchy Ceremonial Parliamentary
ފަންވަތް:Country data Bahrain Constitutional monarchy Monarch personally exercises power alongside weak parliament
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ފަންވަތް:Country data Barbados Constitutional monarchy Ceremonial Parliamentary
ފަންވަތް:Country data Belarus ޖުމްހޫރިއްޔާ އިދާރީ ރިޔާސީ
ފަންވަތް:Country data Belgium Constitutional monarchy Ceremonial Parliamentary
ފަންވަތް:Country data Belize Constitutional monarchy Ceremonial Parliamentary
ފަންވަތް:Country data Benin ޖުމްހޫރިއްޔާ އިދާރީ ރިޔާސީ
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ފަންވަތް:Country data Bolivia ޖުމްހޫރިއްޔާ އިދާރީ ރިޔާސީ
ފަންވަތް:Country data Bosnia and Herzegovina Republic Executive Semi-Presidential
ފަންވަތް:Country data Botswana Republic Executive Parliamentary
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ފަންވަތް:Country data Brunei Absolute monarchy
ފަންވަތް:Country data Bulgaria Republic Ceremonial Parliamentary
ފަންވަތް:Country data Burkina Faso ޖުމްހޫރިއްޔާ އިދާރީ ރިޔާސީ
ފަންވަތް:Country data Burundi ޖުމްހޫރިއްޔާ އިދާރީ ރިޔާސީ
ފަންވަތް:Country data Cambodia Constitutional monarchy Ceremonial Parliamentary
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ފަންވަތް:Country data Canada Constitutional monarchy Ceremonial Parliamentary
ފަންވަތް:Country data Cape Verde Republic Executive Semi-Presidential
ފަންވަތް:Country data Central African Republic ޖުމްހޫރިއްޔާ އިދާރީ ރިޔާސީ
ފަންވަތް:Country data Chad ޖުމްހޫރިއްޔާ އިދާރީ ރިޔާސީ
ފަންވަތް:Country data Chile ޖުމްހޫރިއްޔާ އިދާރީ ރިޔާސީ
ފަންވަތް:Country data China, People's Republic of Republic Power constitutionally linked to a single political movement
ފަންވަތް:Country data China, Republic of Republic Executive Semi-Presidential
ފަންވަތް:Country data Colombia ޖުމްހޫރިއްޔާ އިދާރީ ރިޔާސީ
ފަންވަތް:Country data Comoros ޖުމްހޫރިއްޔާ އިދާރީ ރިޔާސީ
ފަންވަތް:Country data Congo, Democratic Republic of the Republic Executive Semi-Presidential
ފަންވަތް:Country data Congo, Republic of the ޖުމްހޫރިއްޔާ އިދާރީ ރިޔާސީ
ފަންވަތް:Country data Costa Rica ޖުމްހޫރިއްޔާ އިދާރީ ރިޔާސީ
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ފަންވަތް:Country data Croatia Republic Ceremonial Parliamentary
ފަންވަތް:Country data Cuba Republic Power constitutionally linked to a single political movement
ފަންވަތް:Country data Cyprus ޖުމްހޫރިއްޔާ އިދާރީ ރިޔާސީ
ފަންވަތް:Country data Czech Republic Republic Ceremonial Parliamentary
ފަންވަތް:Country data Denmark Constitutional monarchy Ceremonial Parliamentary
ފަންވަތް:Country data Djibouti ޖުމްހޫރިއްޔާ އިދާރީ ރިޔާސީ
ފަންވަތް:Country data Dominica Republic Ceremonial Parliamentary
ފަންވަތް:Country data Dominican Republic ޖުމްހޫރިއްޔާ އިދާރީ ރިޔާސީ
ފަންވަތް:Country data East Timor Republic Ceremonial Parliamentary
ފަންވަތް:Country data Ecuador ޖުމްހޫރިއްޔާ އިދާރީ ރިޔާސީ
ފަންވަތް:Country data Egypt Republic Executive Semi-Presidential
ފަންވަތް:Country data El Salvador ޖުމްހޫރިއްޔާ އިދާރީ ރިޔާސީ
ފަންވަތް:Country data Equatorial Guinea ޖުމްހޫރިއްޔާ އިދާރީ ރިޔާސީ
ފަންވަތް:Country data Eritrea Republic No constitutional basis to current regime
ފަންވަތް:Country data Estonia Republic Ceremonial Parliamentary
ފަންވަތް:Country data Ethiopia Republic Ceremonial Parliamentary
ފަންވަތް:Country data Fiji Republic No constitutional basis to current regime
ފަންވަތް:Country data Finland Republic Ceremonial Parliamentary
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ފަންވަތް:Country data Gabon ޖުމްހޫރިއްޔާ އިދާރީ ރިޔާސީ
ފަންވަތް:Country data Gambia ޖުމްހޫރިއްޔާ އިދާރީ ރިޔާސީ
ފަންވަތް:Country data Georgia ޖުމްހޫރިއްޔާ އިދާރީ ރިޔާސީ
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Flag of Greece.svg Greece Republic Ceremonial Parliamentary
ފަންވަތް:Country data Grenada Constitutional monarchy Ceremonial Parliamentary
ފަންވަތް:Country data Guatemala ޖުމްހޫރިއްޔާ އިދާރީ ރިޔާސީ
ފަންވަތް:Country data Guinea ޖުމްހޫރިއްޔާ އިދާރީ ރިޔާސީ
ފަންވަތް:Country data Guinea-Bissau ޖުމްހޫރިއްޔާ އިދާރީ ރިޔާސީ
ފަންވަތް:Country data Guyana Republic Executive Semi-Presidential
ފަންވަތް:Country data Haiti ޖުމްހޫރިއްޔާ އިދާރީ ރިޔާސީ
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ފަންވަތް:Country data Iceland Republic Ceremonial Parliamentary
Flag of India.svg India Republic Ceremonial Parliamentary
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ފަންވަތް:Country data Iraq Republic Ceremonial Parliamentary
ފަންވަތް:Country data Ireland Republic Ceremonial Parliamentary
ފަންވަތް:Country data Israel Republic Ceremonial Parliamentary
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ފަންވަތް:Country data Jamaica Constitutional monarchy Ceremonial Parliamentary
ފަންވަތް:Country data Japan Constitutional monarchy Ceremonial Parliamentary
ފަންވަތް:Country data Jordan Constitutional monarchy Monarch personally exercises power alongside weak parliament
ފަންވަތް:Country data Kazakhstan ޖުމްހޫރިއްޔާ އިދާރީ ރިޔާސީ
ފަންވަތް:Country data Kenya ޖުމްހޫރިއްޔާ އިދާރީ ރިޔާސީ
ފަންވަތް:Country data Kiribati Republic Executive Parliamentary
ފަންވަތް:Country data Korea, North Republic Power constitutionally linked to a single political movement
ފަންވަތް:Country data Korea, South Republic Executive Semi-Presidential
ފަންވަތް:Country data Kuwait Constitutional monarchy Monarch personally exercises power alongside weak parliament
ފަންވަތް:Country data Kyrgyzstan ޖުމްހޫރިއްޔާ އިދާރީ ރިޔާސީ
ފަންވަތް:Country data Laos Republic Power constitutionally linked to a single political movement
ފަންވަތް:Country data Latvia Republic Ceremonial Parliamentary
ފަންވަތް:Country data Lebanon Republic Executive Semi-Presidential
ފަންވަތް:Country data Lesotho Constitutional monarchy Ceremonial Parliamentary
ފަންވަތް:Country data Liberia ޖުމްހޫރިއްޔާ އިދާރީ ރިޔާސީ
ފަންވަތް:Country data Libya Republic Executive Semi-Presidential
ފަންވަތް:Country data Liechtenstein Constitutional monarchy Monarch personally exercises power alongside weak parliament
ފަންވަތް:Country data Lithuania Republic Ceremonial Parliamentary
ފަންވަތް:Country data Luxembourg Constitutional monarchy Ceremonial Parliamentary
ފަންވަތް:Country data Macedonia Republic Executive Semi-Presidential
ފަންވަތް:Country data Madagascar ޖުމްހޫރިއްޔާ އިދާރީ ރިޔާސީ
ފަންވަތް:Country data Malawi ޖުމްހޫރިއްޔާ އިދާރީ ރިޔާސީ
ފަންވަތް:Country data Malaysia Constitutional monarchy Ceremonial Parliamentary
Flag of Maldives.svg Maldives ޖުމްހޫރިއްޔާ އިދާރީ ރިޔާސީ
ފަންވަތް:Country data Mali ޖުމްހޫރިއްޔާ އިދާރީ ރިޔާސީ
ފަންވަތް:Country data Malta Republic Ceremonial Parliamentary
ފަންވަތް:Country data Marshall Islands Republic Executive Parliamentary
ފަންވަތް:Country data Mauritania Republic No constitutional basis to current regime
ފަންވަތް:Country data Mauritius Republic Ceremonial Parliamentary
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ފަންވަތް:Country data Micronesia ޖުމްހޫރިއްޔާ އިދާރީ ރިޔާސީ
ފަންވަތް:Country data Moldova Republic Executive Semi-Presidential
ފަންވަތް:Country data Monaco Constitutional monarchy Monarch personally exercises power alongside weak parliament
ފަންވަތް:Country data Mongolia Republic Executive Semi-Presidential
ފަންވަތް:Country data Montenegro Republic Ceremonial Parliamentary
ފަންވަތް:Country data Morocco Constitutional monarchy Monarch personally exercises power alongside weak parliament
ފަންވަތް:Country data Mozambique ޖުމްހޫރިއްޔާ އިދާރީ ރިޔާސީ
ފަންވަތް:Country data Myanmar Republic No constitutional basis to current regime
ފަންވަތް:Country data Namibia Republic Executive Semi-Presidential
ފަންވަތް:Country data Nauru Republic Executive Parliamentary
Flag of Nepal.svg Nepal Constitutional monarchy Ceremonial Parliamentary
Flag of the Netherlands.svg Netherlands Constitutional monarchy Ceremonial Parliamentary
Flag of New Zealand.svg New Zealand Constitutional monarchy Ceremonial Parliamentary
ފަންވަތް:Country data Nicaragua ޖުމްހޫރިއްޔާ އިދާރީ ރިޔާސީ
ފަންވަތް:Country data Niger ޖުމްހޫރިއްޔާ އިދާރީ ރިޔާސީ
Flag of Nigeria.svg Nigeria ޖުމްހޫރިއްޔާ އިދާރީ ރިޔާސީ
ފަންވަތް:Country data Norway Constitutional monarchy Ceremonial Parliamentary
ފަންވަތް:Country data Oman Absolute monarchy
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ފަންވަތް:Country data Palau ޖުމްހޫރިއްޔާ އިދާރީ ރިޔާސީ
ފަންވަތް:Country data Panama ޖުމްހޫރިއްޔާ އިދާރީ ރިޔާސީ
ފަންވަތް:Country data Papua New Guinea Constitutional monarchy Ceremonial Parliamentary
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ފަންވަތް:Country data Peru ޖުމްހޫރިއްޔާ އިދާރީ ރިޔާސީ
ފަންވަތް:Country data Philippines ޖުމްހޫރިއްޔާ އިދާރީ ރިޔާސީ
ފަންވަތް:Country data Poland Republic Ceremonial Parliamentary
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ފަންވަތް:Country data Qatar Absolute monarchy
ފަންވަތް:Country data Romania Republic Executive Semi-Presidential
ފަންވަތް:Country data Russia Republic Executive Semi-Presidential
ފަންވަތް:Country data Rwanda ޖުމްހޫރިއްޔާ އިދާރީ ރިޔާސީ
ފަންވަތް:Country data Saint Kitts and Nevis Constitutional monarchy Ceremonial Parliamentary
ފަންވަތް:Country data Saint Lucia Constitutional monarchy Ceremonial Parliamentary
ފަންވަތް:Country data Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Constitutional monarchy Ceremonial Parliamentary
ފަންވަތް:Country data Samoa Constitutional monarchy Ceremonial Parliamentary
ފަންވަތް:Country data San Marino Republic Ceremonial Parliamentary
ފަންވަތް:Country data São Tomé and Príncipe Republic Executive Semi-Presidential
ފަންވަތް:Country data Saudi Arabia Absolute monarchy
ފަންވަތް:Country data Senegal ޖުމްހޫރިއްޔާ އިދާރީ ރިޔާސީ
Flag of Serbia.svg Serbia Republic Executive Semi-Presidential
ފަންވަތް:Country data Seychelles ޖުމްހޫރިއްޔާ އިދާރީ ރިޔާސީ
ފަންވަތް:Country data Sierra Leone ޖުމްހޫރިއްޔާ އިދާރީ ރިޔާސީ
ފަންވަތް:Country data Singapore Republic Ceremonial Parliamentary
Flag of Slovakia.svg Slovakia Republic Ceremonial Parliamentary
Flag of Slovenia.svg Slovenia Republic Ceremonial Parliamentary
ފަންވަތް:Country data Solomon Islands Constitutional monarchy Ceremonial Parliamentary
ފަންވަތް:Country data Somalia Republic Executive Semi-Presidential
Flag of South Africa.svg South Africa Republic Executive Parliamentary
Flag of Spain.svg Spain Constitutional monarchy Ceremonial Parliamentary
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ފަންވަތް:Country data Sudan ޖުމްހޫރިއްޔާ އިދާރީ ރިޔާސީ
ފަންވަތް:Country data Suriname ޖުމްހޫރިއްޔާ އިދާރީ ރިޔާސީ
ފަންވަތް:Country data Swaziland Absolute monarchy
ފަންވަތް:Country data Sweden Constitutional monarchy Ceremonial Parliamentary
Flag of Switzerland.svg Switzerland Republic Executive Parliamentary
ފަންވަތް:Country data Syria Republic Power constitutionally linked to a single political movement
ފަންވަތް:Country data Tajikistan ޖުމްހޫރިއްޔާ އިދާރީ ރިޔާސީ
ފަންވަތް:Country data Tanzania ޖުމްހޫރިއްޔާ އިދާރީ ރިޔާސީ
ފަންވަތް:Country data Thailand Constitutional monarchy No constitutional basis to current regime
ފަންވަތް:Country data Togo ޖުމްހޫރިއްޔާ އިދާރީ ރިޔާސީ
ފަންވަތް:Country data Tonga Absolute monarchy
ފަންވަތް:Country data Trinidad and Tobago Republic Ceremonial Parliamentary
ފަންވަތް:Country data Tunisia Republic Executive Semi-Presidential
ފަންވަތް:Country data Turkey Republic Ceremonial Parliamentary
ފަންވަތް:Country data Turkmenistan ޖުމްހޫރިއްޔާ އިދާރީ ރިޔާސީ
ފަންވަތް:Country data Tuvalu Constitutional monarchy Ceremonial Parliamentary
ފަންވަތް:Country data Uganda ޖުމްހޫރިއްޔާ އިދާރީ ރިޔާސީ
ފަންވަތް:Country data Ukraine Republic Executive Semi-Presidential
ފަންވަތް:Country data United Arab Emirates Constitutional monarchy Monarch personally exercises power alongside weak parliament
ފަންވަތް:Country data United Kingdom Constitutional monarchy Ceremonial Parliamentary
Flag of the United States.svg United States ޖުމްހޫރިއްޔާ އިދާރީ ރިޔާސީ
Flag of Uruguay.svg Uruguay ޖުމްހޫރިއްޔާ އިދާރީ ރިޔާސީ
ފަންވަތް:Country data Uzbekistan ޖުމްހޫރިއްޔާ އިދާރީ ރިޔާސީ
ފަންވަތް:Country data Vanuatu Republic Ceremonial Parliamentary
ފަންވަތް:Country data Vatican City Absolute monarchy
ފަންވަތް:Country data Venezuela ޖުމްހޫރިއްޔާ އިދާރީ ރިޔާސީ
ފަންވަތް:Country data Vietnam Republic Power constitutionally linked to a single political movement
ފަންވަތް:Country data Yemen Republic Executive Semi-Presidential
ފަންވަތް:Country data Western Sahara Republic Executive Semi-Presidential
ފަންވަތް:Country data Zambia ޖުމްހޫރިއްޔާ އިދާރީ ރިޔާސީ
ފަންވަތް:Country data Zimbabwe ޖުމްހޫރިއްޔާ އިދާރީ ރިޔާސީ

Systems of Governance

Presidential / Separated republics

These are systems in which a president is the active head of the executive branch of government and is elected and remains in office independently of the legislature. The following list includes democratic and non-democratic states:

Full presidential systems

In full presidential systems, the president is both head of state and head of government. There is no prime minister.

Semi-presidential systems

In semi-presidential systems, there is usually both a president and a prime minister. In such systems, the President has genuine executive authority, unlike in a parliamentary republic, but some of the role of a head of government is exercised by the prime minister, who is also head of the legislature.

Parliamentary republics

A Parliamentary republic is a system in which a prime minister is the active head of the executive branch of government and also leader of the legislature. The Presidents degree of executive power may range from being reasonably significant (eg. Poland) to little or none at all (eg. Ireland). Where the President holds little executive power, their function is primarily that of a symbolic figurehead.

Mixed Republican Systems



Constitutional monarchies

Systems in which a prime minister is the active head of the executive branch of government and also leader of the legislature. The head of state is a constitutional monarch who only exercises his or her powers with the consent of the government, the people or their representatives.

Commonwealth realms

Constitutional monarchies, in which Queen Elizabeth II serves as head of state over an independent government. In each Realm, she acts as the monarch of that state, and is usually titled accordingly - for example, Queen of Australia. The Queen appoints a Governor-General to each country other than the United Kingdom to act as her representative. The prime minister is the active head of the executive branch of government and also leader of the legislature.

Semi-constitutional monarchies

The prime minister (or equivalent) is the nation's active executive, but the monarch still has considerable political powers that can be used at his/her own independent discretion.

Absolute monarchies

Monarchies in which the monarch is the active head of the executive branch and exercises all powers.

Theocracies

States based on a state religion where the head of state is selected by some form of religious hierarchy.

One-party states

States in which political power is concentrated within a single political party whose operations are largely fused with the government hierarchy. However, some do have elected governments.

Military junta states

The nation's armed forces control the organs of government and all high-ranking political executives are also members of the military hierarchy.

Transitional

States which have a system of government which is in transition or turmoil and cannot be accurately classified. (with current direction of change)

Systems of Internal Governance

Federal

States in which the federal government shares power with semi-independent regional governments. In many cases, the central government is (in theory) a creation of the regional governments; a prime example is the United States.

Devolved

States in which the central government has delegated some of its powers to self-governing subsidiary governments, creating a de facto federation.

Regionalized unitary

States in which the central government has delegated some of its powers to regional governments.

Federacy

A federacy is a country in which some substates function like states in a federation and others like states in a unitary state.

Unitary

see Unitary state

Notes

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Iran combines the forms of a presidential republic, with a president elected by universal suffrage; and a theocracy, with a Supreme Leader who is ultimately responsible for state policy, chosen by the elected Assembly of Experts. Candidates for both the Assembly of Experts and the presidency are vetted by the appointed Guardian Council.
  2. ↑ While the office of Prime Minister exists, the President is both the Head of State and Head of Government.
  3. ↑ While the office of Prime Minister exists, the President is both the Head of State and Head of Government.
  4. ↑ Collective (3 member) presidency.
  5. ↑ While the office of Prime Minister exists, the President is both the Head of State and Head of Government.
  6. ↑ While the office of Prime Minister exists, the President is both the Head of State and Head of Government.
  7. ↑ The Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic (SADR) is a government in exile, located in Tindouf, Algeria. Most of the territory of Western Sahara is under military occupation by Morocco; the rest is administered by the SADR.
  8. ↑ In Bangladesh, a Caretaker government takes over for three months during parliamentary elections. The Caretaker government is headed by a Chief advisor (the last Chief Justice to retire), and a group of neutral, non-partisan advisors chosen from the civil society. During this time, the president has jurisdiction over the Ministry of defense and the Ministry of foreign affairs.
  9. ↑ Combines aspects of an executive presidency with a parliamentary system. President is elected by parliament and holds a parliamentary seat, much like a prime minister. The President is both head of state and government.
  10. ↑ Combines aspects of an executive presidency with a parliamentary system. President is elected by parliament and holds a parliamentary seat, much like a prime minister. The President is both head of state and government.
  11. ↑ There is neither a prime minister nor a president of Switzerland. The President of the Swiss Confederation is merely primus inter pares in the Swiss Federal Council, the seven-member executive council which constitutes the government as well as the head of state of Switzerland.
  12. ↑ Collective presidency (2 captains-regents). Captains-regents are both Head of State and Government simultaneously.
  13. ↑ Bishop of Urgell and President of France serve as ex-officio co-princes
  14. ↑ The King of Nepal gave himself absolute authority for three years in 2005; he has given up absolute power on April 21, 2006, but constitutional government has not yet resumed
  15. ↑ Bhutan is in the process of democratization by request of the king.
  16. ↑ UAE is a federation of absolute monarchies, with the federal president drawn from hereditary emirs
  17. ↑ The President of Fiji is the actual leader who on 4 December 2006 dissolved the parliament without the prime minister's consent, thereby setting the stage for a coup by the military commander.

See also

External links

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